Coffee, a hot drink made from ground coffee beans , is one of the worlds favourite brews , it can be made from either Caffeinated or De Caffeinated beans (the caffeine is removed using either a chemical solvent or via filtration) there are many ways to serve Coffee , some of the most popular include ESPRESSO: a strong , potent and highly roasted brew , made by forcing steam through finely ground coffee at a very high pressure , it is served in tiny Espresso cups , CAPPUCCINO: frothy steamed milk is added to espresso to make a milkydrink , that's served for breakfast in Italy , it's usually dusted with powdered chocolate , CAFFE LATTE: a mixture of espresso and hot milk , in France , this is called CAFE' AU LAIT , MACCHITO: espresso with a dash of hot or cold milk , AMERICANO: espresso that has been thinned by hot water , RISTRETTO: a particularly dense espresso made by switching off the machine sooner than needed when making a regular espresso , MOCHA: one third espresso , one third hot chocolate and one third steamed milk

Inn many of the worlds top coffee cities , the cafe is more than just a place to get a warm drink , it is also a hub of culture and conversation for locals and visitors alike and while each city defines it's coffee culture in a diffrent way , whether it be by their classic drink style or by the sheer concentration of independantly owned coffee houses, these six cities have one thing in common , they are filled with people who live for the craft of coffee

TAIPEI,TAIWAN

In Northen Taipei you can find a unique cafe TOP CAFE in the Tianmu neighbourhood has a miniture goldfish filled river running through the middle of it , another Taipei cafe is near the Zhongxiao Dunnua transit station in the Southern District of Da'an HOMEY'S CAFE

MELBOURNE , AUSTRALIA

Australia's second largest city , breaks up into villages , FITZROY , is traditionaly edgy and grungy , RICHHMOND , has a Vietnamese and Greek influance , COBURG , is Lebanese and Turkish and the brunswick village or district , is the hipster capital , in the District of Fitzroy , you may wish to try a South America themed Cafe SONIDO

HAVANA , CUBA

In Havana much of the local energy seems to be at CAFE CUBANA , with it's full bodied Espresso served with turbinado sugar , in HABANA,VIEJA or (OLD HAVANA) located on the Eastern edge of the city , the younger crowd prefer a club along the main drag CALLE OBISPO

VIENNA , AUSTRIA

One of Europes smaller capitals , the city's cafes make ideal spots for conversation , cafes such as CAFE CENTRAL or CAFE FAUENHUBER , or in the more artsy Districts places like CAFE PHIL or CAFE HAWELKA where local musical groups play and their walls are lined with books to loan

ROME , ITALY

Words like "Latte" "Cappuccino" and "Espresso" are all italian , so it should come as no surprize that the country's capital overflows with cafe culture, whatever the cafe of choice , Italian's share an unspoken rule of what to drink , in the morning Cappuccino is their drink of choice, Espresso is for after eating (lunch maybe) and for later in the evening Caffe Couretto which is an adult drink, made of Espresso with either a shot of Grappa or Brandy in , the more popular cafes are located in the PIAZZA SAN LORENZO in Lucina near the Parliament , while the hipster's prefer PLAZZA MADONNA  de MONTI

SEATTLE ,UNITED STATES

No list of COFFEE cities would be compleate without a mention of the birthplace of  coffee giant STARBUCK'S , you may also wish to try in Seattle's University District CAFE ALLEGRO

Starbucks is to move it's European Head office from Amsterdam to London by the end of the year , following a row over corprate tax avoidence

"This move will mean we pay more tax in the U.K." the company said , the relocation will concentrate a "modest number of senior executives" in it's London operation

The U.S. coffee giant said it's leaders would " better oversee the U.K. market" from the capital , adding that the U.K. was it's largest European market

Last year , Starbucks paid £ 5 ml in corporation tax , it's first such tax payment since 2009

Starbucks Chief financial officer told a committee of MP's in 2012 that a tax deal struck with Dutch authorities had been "an attractive reason" for basing operations there

U.S. Officials are investigating the safety of caffeine in snacks and energy drinks , worried about the "cumulative impact" of the stimulant , which is added to a growing number of products , is our tea and coffee fueled society too dependant on the world's favourite drug?

The bubbling kettle , the aroma from the mug , the first little mouthful of the morning , it's a ritual without which , the working day would be for millions of people horrifying

Caffeine is , according to New Scientist , the planets most popular "psychoactive drug" in the U.S. alone , more than 90% of adults  are estimated to use it every day

But now even the U.S., home of Coca Cola , Starbucks , and the 5 hour energy shot , is questioning the wisdom of adding it to everyday foodstuffs like waffles ,sunflower seeds , jellybeans and even a type of cracker jacks

In a statement , the FDA highlighted the "unfortunate example" of Wrigley's chewing gum , producing packs of eight sticks each of which contained as much caffeine as a half a cup  of coffee , subsequently , Wrigley's said it wouldd "pause" production of the product

The agency is also looking at highly caffenated energy drinks , and said it was concerned about the "cumulative impact" of adding stimulants to products

According to the U.S. substance abuse and mental health services administration , the number of people seeking emergency treatment after ingesting energy drinks doubled to more than 20,000 in 2011

However , the energy drink industry says its products are safe and insists there is no proof  of a link with any harmful reactions

n moderation , caffeine may have some positive effects , research suggests it could be associated with a reduced risk of prostrate cancer and  breast cancer, a recent study linked drinking coffee and tea with a lower risk of coffee      and tea with a lower risk of type two diabetes 

It seems obvious that the answer must be a smoothie , however you may just be surprized

Those who drank 3 or more smoothies saw their risk of getting Diabetes rise eight percent , researchers found that out of 52 commercially made brands 41 of them had more sugar that a twelve ounce can of coca cola 

Coffee has little to no sugar unless you add it , and a simple black cup of joe has from between zero to sixty calories , though your fancy latte's and cappuccinos may have slightly more , ranging on average between one and six hundred calories

So it would appear that coffee wins this round 

Adrin Loi 59 , Executive Chairman of Ya Kun Coffee International never set out to be singapore's  Coffee King

Mr. Loi's Father known as Ya Kun fled his native China in 1926 and worked his way up from coffee assistant to running his own humble stall by 1944 , opening his stall from Telok Ayer square , and later in the Lau Pa Sat hawker center, serving such items as runny eggs , coffee and toast spred with Keya , a Jam made from coconut milk and flavoured with pandan leaves , building his buisness into a successful one, but when mr. Koon fell ill in 1998 , his sons worked up the courage to ask if they might takeover ruunning the family stall , sure , his father said, but it is very hard work

After Mr. Loi and his sibbling took over , they were forced to relocate , due to construction at Lau Pa Sat , they borrowed 10,000 Singapore dollars ($8,000 , £ 4,700) to get the relocated stall up and running , renaming it Ya Kun Kaya Toast

Mr. Loi says his wife helped him write the tag line "Coffee Stll Since 1944" , to place a large focus on the family history , which became even more important when his Father died in 1999

Although Mr. Loi says he was anxious renting the 1,000 sq ft space cost a considerable sum , within two weeks the new stall had already broken even

Since then , he has grown the buisness to more than 50 Ya Kun Coffee shops in singapore as well as 49 outlets across the globe , from Indonesia  ti Abu Dhabi

Last year the company's turnover was approximately 25 million Singapore dollars , a 2,000% increase since Mr. Loi took over in 1998

Your coffee craving could induce a temporary mental disorder , researchers say "Caffeine Use Disorder" is a condition which results from developing a physical dependance on caffeine , the reliance is similar to what people experience who are hooked on drugs or alcohol , new research shows

Laura Juliano , an associate Proffessor at American University said ' people have come to us saying , yes , please help me , I believe my caffeine use is problamatic"

Juliano is among the researchers studying the health effects of caffeine ans said for some people reliance on coffee can become a real psychological problem , "it would be benificial if treatment guidelines were developed in the same way that we've developed them for tabacco use" Juliano said

Charles O'Brien , a Psychiatry Professor at University of Pennsilvania who heads a committe of doctors studying whether caffeine use disorder should be categorized as a mental illness , said more reserch is needed " for a Use disorder , it would have to be people who are compulsively drinking coffee and having it interfere with their behavior" he said

Anyone who is looking to reduce their caffeine intake should reduce consumption gradually and drink something else such as water , when they feel the urge to grab a cup , experts say

Every day people around the globe drink one point six billion cups of coffee and around twice as many cups of Tea

They enjoy the taste and the fact that the caffeine wakes them up , but when exhorted to drink six or eight glasses of water a day , it'ss usually emphasised that drinks like Coffee and Tea don't count towards your daily liquid total because theyy;re dehydrating , or so we're told, what's the evidence ?

In a rare study where people drank nothing but Tea for the 12 hour duration of the trial , there was no difference in hydration levels between them and the people who drank the same quaintity of boiled water , when it comes to the consumption of Coffee , one syudy did find a fourty one percent increase in urine , along with a rise in the excreation of sodium and potassium , but these participants had abstained from caffeine before the study , so this doesn't tell us what would happen in people accustomed to drinking Coffee

Starbucks has apologized to a Louisiana woman who claims a Batin Rouge barista drew a pentagram and the numbers 666 , into her coffee's foam with caramel drizzle

Starbuck's  social media team spokesman said the incident was brought to their attention after the woman posted about the occurance on her Facebook account

When asked if Starbuck's will change their policy regarding foam art , their reply was " I don't know , I guess it could"